Paul's comments in chapter 11 of Romans starts off with a question; Did God reject His people, the Jews? Then in verse 11 he asks another question; Did the Jews stumble and fall? Paul goes on to answer both these questions in the negative. He says there is enough of a remnant to say with confidence that the Jews are saved. There are stipulations (conditions) for their salvation though. Just as in the Old Covenant they needed to be obedient to the Lord to actually see heaven, so under the New Covenant they, as we, need to be obedient to the Lord to see heaven. God saw fit that when the Jews as a whole rejected the calling of their Messiah, Jesus Christ, the Gentiles were to hear the gospel, believe, obey and be saved. 
Isaiah 65:1         
    There is no denying, there are unbelieving people among every nation of people. The Jews are no different. That is why he quotes the Old Testament writer when he talks about Elijah's conversation with God. God reserved 7000, it says. Jesus Christ has reserved more than 7000 to worship Him. Down through the centuries since the cross there has always been a remnant to worship Him. We have not always been able to see them through world history's eyes, though. When we put on our spiritual eyes we realize God doesn't leave Himself without a witness in the world. Those who opposed the apostasies (departure from the truth) of the Roman Catholic Church, down through the ages, and suffered for it were part of this remnant. They stood up against the Roman Catholic Church; against it's false doctrines and lost their lives. But they gained an eternal home in heaven with God.
    The dark ages were not called dark because the sun didn't shine. It was called the dark ages because the Roman Catholic Church took the word of God away from the people. But there still was to be a remnant.
      There is no difference, Jew or Gentile. There has been a remnant left to Him to worship Him. After all, Paul was a Jew and a Christian. Most of us who are Christians can say that we are descended from Abraham in one sense, we are his spiritual descendants. Paul and all those Jews at that time, who believed in Jesus Christ, could say they were spiritually and physically descended from Abraham. We learned in chapter 4 that those who are obedient to Jesus are heir of the promise of Abraham, both Jew and Gentile.
      No one now can legitimately claim he is a physical Jew because when Jerusalem was destroyed, in AD 70, all records were lost as to their ancestry. Since they cannot prove if they are Jews or not they surely cannot prove if they are of the proper lineage to serve in the temple. No one can say who is a Jew today; therefore no one can say that they are saved as a nation. There would be no way to tell. 1. God saw to it that the Jewish religion, as He gave in the Law of Moses, was to end with the